Which therapy can help to prevent atelectasis?

Both Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) and Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) are effective in preventing atelectasis, making the choice of both therapies the correct answer.

PEEP works by maintaining a certain level of pressure in the airway at the end of expiration, which helps keep the alveoli open and can prevent their collapse. This is particularly important during mechanical ventilation, where inadequate lung inflation can lead to areas of the lung not being fully expanded, promoting atelectasis.

Similarly, CPAP provides a constant pressure during both inhalation and exhalation, ensuring that the alveoli remain inflated and reducing the likelihood of lung collapse. CPAP is often used in the treatment of conditions like obstructive sleep apnea, but it also plays a crucial role in keeping the airways open in various respiratory circumstances.

Utilizing either PEEP or CPAP can significantly enhance lung mechanics and oxygenation, reducing the risk of atelectasis by preventing alveolar collapse and helping maintain functional residual capacity in the lungs. Therefore, the collaborative use of both therapies provides a comprehensive approach to maintaining airway patency and lung expansion, clearly illustrating why the choice of both therapies is the most effective for preventing atelectasis.