Which of the following conditions could lead to a need for hemodynamic monitoring?

Severe trauma is a condition that often necessitates hemodynamic monitoring due to the potential for significant changes in cardiovascular status. In instances of severe trauma, patients may experience substantial blood loss, which can lead to shock. Hemodynamic monitoring allows healthcare professionals to assess the patient's blood volume status, cardiac output, and overall circulatory function, thus enabling timely interventions to stabilize the patient's condition. This level of monitoring is critical in managing trauma patients, where both immediate life-threatening injuries and secondary complications can arise rapidly, requiring continuous assessment to guide treatment decisions.

In contrast, stable angina, mild hypertension, and common cold do not typically require the same level of intensive hemodynamic assessment since they are usually managed through less invasive methods and do not pose an immediate risk to hemodynamic stability.