What is the purpose of the Gram stain test in clinical labs?

The purpose of the Gram stain test in clinical labs is primarily to identify bacterial infections. This staining technique differentiates bacteria into two main groups based on the characteristics of their cell walls: Gram-positive and Gram-negative. By applying specific reagents during the staining process, clinicians can visualize the bacteria under a microscope with distinct color differences. This classification aids in determining the appropriate treatment, as Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria often respond differently to antibiotics. The identification provided by the Gram stain is critical for guiding the management of infections, as it establishes a foundation for further testing and evaluation.