What defines peripheral edema?

Peripheral edema is defined as excessive fluid accumulation in the tissue, particularly in the extremities such as the legs, ankles, and feet. This condition occurs when the lymphatic system is unable to drain fluid effectively or when there is increased capillary permeability, leading to fluid leakage into the interstitial spaces within the tissues. While fluid accumulation can occur in various parts of the body, peripheral edema specifically refers to the swelling that is primarily observed in the peripheral areas, distinguishing it from edema that may occur in the lungs or abdominal cavity. The presence of excess fluid in the tissue can indicate underlying health issues, such as heart failure, kidney dysfunction, or venous insufficiency, making it an important symptom to assess in patient evaluations.