If total CO2 content increases, what should the therapist be alert for?

When total CO2 content increases in the body, it can lead to metabolic alkalosis. This condition occurs when there is an excess of bicarbonate or a loss of hydrogen ions, resulting in an elevation of the blood’s pH. An increase in CO2 can often lead to increased bicarbonate levels as the body tries to maintain acid-base balance.

In the context of respiratory physiology, if the lungs are not effectively expelling CO2 (as seen in hypoventilation), this can lead to an increase in carbonic acid (H2CO3), which can initially cause respiratory acidosis; however, compensatory mechanisms by the kidneys may eventually result in an increase in bicarbonate retention, thereby leading to a state of metabolic alkalosis.

This highlights the importance of monitoring CO2 levels closely, as significant changes can affect the acid-base balance and lead to metabolic disturbances. Understanding these relationships is crucial for effective patient assessment and management in respiratory care.