During an emergency, which muscle assists in ventilation along with the diaphragm?

The external intercostal muscles play a critical role in the process of ventilation, particularly during emergency situations when the body may require increased oxygen intake. These muscles are located between the ribs and are responsible for elevating the rib cage during inhalation. When the diaphragm contracts and moves downwards, the external intercostals assist by expanding the thoracic cavity further, leading to a greater volume of air being drawn into the lungs.

In emergencies, such as physical exertion or respiratory distress, the demand for air increases significantly. The coordinated action of the diaphragm and the external intercostals allows for a more efficient and forceful inhalation, facilitating improved gas exchange. This collaboration is essential for meeting the heightened metabolic demands during stressful or critical situations. Other muscles do play roles in breathing, but they serve different functions or are less significant in the acute phases of ventilation when immediate and effective air intake is necessary.